The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoevsky free essay sample

An audit of the book The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoevsky. This paper examines the ideological and philosophical issues raised by the characters of the book. While the author recognizes that the book envelops a lot of the Russia of Dostoevskys time and considerably a greater amount of human experience, he asserts that the philosophical conversation is the thing that gives the novel reverberation and force. The account of the Grand Inquisitor is a mind boggling anecdote introduced as a sonnet composed by Ivan Karamazov. This component in the story enlightens much regarding the historical backdrop of the congregation in Russia at that point and about philosophical worries of the time. The story is introduced as a fight between the Old Cardinal and Christ, with the Old Cardinal detaining the returned Christ in light of the fact that the model Christ sets is seen by the Cardinal as having put a weight on humankind that the individual can't meet. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoevsky or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The focal point of the sonnet is on a discourse between the Grand Inquisitor and Christ. The Grand Inquisitor speaks to the Church that has appeared purportedly on the side of Christs instructing and to keep up Christs model, yet the Grand Inquisitor shows that the Church is really encouraging what Christ ought to have spoken to humankind. This all relates back to Christs dismissal of the three temptationsif he had acknowledged the bread, humanity would know security; on the off chance that he had played out a marvel to get down from the apex, individuals would have something supernatural to love; and on the off chance that he had acknowledged the force Satan offered him, he could employ that power for mankind.

LASIK Surgery :: LASIK Surgery Essays

Seeing admirably without contact focal points and glasses is the fantasy of a huge number of Americans and current clinical science has empowered that fantasy to work out as expected (Caster, 8). Since first grade, Dede Head, a 30-year-old wellness coach in North Carolina, has worn glasses to address cut off partial blindness and astigmatism. Throughout the years she got acquainted with wearing glasses and contacts, however this has restricted numerous significant parts of her life, including sports. She at that point knew about a laser eye medical procedure that â€Å"supposedly†, assisted with revising a person’s vision by methods for lasers. She quickly pursued the technique and since the time that day, she has not worn glasses or contacts. Dede is only one of the 800 fifty-thousand individuals who have experienced a system by the name of LASIK or Laser In-Situ Keratomileusis. In the event that surgeries were films, LASIK would be this years film industry crush as it has gotten a lot of media inclusion and numerous gestures of recognition; in any case, not that numerous individuals comprehend what LASIK is, the thing that the points of interest and disservices are, and above all if LASIK is directly for them (Buratto, 1). LASIK is fundamentally a kind of laser medical procedure which can help right partial blindness (nearsightedness), which is the failure to see removed items, farsightnedness (hyperopia), which is the powerlessness to see close, and astigmatism, the failure to concentrate light waves equally. LASIK has developed incredibly in the most recent year, for the most part due to 4 reasons; it is quick (method takes around 5-10 minutes), protected, easy, and the outcomes are quite often productive. The eye is much the same as a camera since it works by centering light waves that go through it. Light beams that enter the eye should initially go through the most external layer of the eye called the cornea. The cornea performs 2/3 of the centering procedure, the rest of is at that point finished by the crystalline focal point which further concentrates the light on the retina. This requires extraordinary exactness in that the concentrated light should fall precisely at the degree of the retina (Gallo, 126). The retina is a nerve tissue that covers the inward surface of the eye, much like backdrop covers all parts of a divider. The retina changes over the light into electrical signs, which are transmitted to the cerebrum by the optic nerve. Similarly as a camera can't deliver away from of the picture if the approaching light isn't centered around the film, we can't create a reasonable vision if the cornea and crystalline focal point don't concentrate the light exactly on the retina.

Writing an Effective Essay Sample - A Few Tips

Writing an Effective Essay Sample - A Few TipsThere are several different argumentative essay samples you can find online. Some have been prepared by professional writers who have been very successful at their job. Others were created by students who are trying to write their first arguments. Whatever the case, there are some very effective ways to avoid writing poor arguments and getting the grade you want.You can use some of the topics that you have in mind for writing your argumentative essay. These are topics such as science, history, literature, or even non-argumentative topics such as sports. These topics will give you ideas to work with for coming up with an interesting argument. The entire essay will then revolve around these topics.You should try to focus on different areas of interest. Instead of trying to come up with an argument about something that is not connected to your topic, try to tie the two into one. That way, you can create a compelling argument based on the fac ts of your subject matter. It will be easier to get the grade you want from this way. The same is true for other areas of research, but this area of your essay will need to be different for each student.Use facts in your essay to help you support your argument. Again, there are no facts to support an opinion. If you do not have facts to back up your argument, you might have a tough time getting the grade you want. Students who are trying to get an A may feel like they are in an impossible situation.Another option is to go through some of the essay samples that are available online. These can be found on many different websites. You may find that some of them can be difficult to use because of all the different areas of interest that you might want to use to support your argument. A good starting point would be to find an essay sample that looks like a general essay, but instead of trying to persuade the reader to change their opinion, you might just be able to persuade them to chang e their opinion with facts.A very persuasive essay sample might be one that makes you feel like you are part of the group of students who agree with the ideas presented. Make sure to read through it at least a few times to see if you agree with the overall format of the argument. Make sure that you write your own name at the bottom of the page to represent your own thoughts. Make sure to make your own argument about what you believe.Just make sure that you stick to your personal opinions. The essay samples can help you build a persuasive argument, but it is important to allow yourself room to express your own opinion. This is the only way to truly make a persuasive argument.

Struggles of Robert Frost - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 733 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Robert Frost Essay Did you like this example? There have been many renowned American poets, but many critics say there is no one like Robert Frost. He has written numerous poems, most of which are famous all over the world. It is often said that behind success, there is some hidden disappointment or secret in persons lives. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Struggles of Robert Frost" essay for you Create order The same thing can be said from the life of this great American poet. I went over most of the poems of Robert Frost and came across a common point of depression and tragedy reflected in the poems of Frost. Even though Robert Frost had all the fame and prosperity one could achieve in his lifetime, the fact that he struggled in his life due to various reasons cannot be ignored. Through my research paper, I am going to highlight some of the tragedies and struggles Robert went over throughout his life and will point out various reasons for those depression and how he overcame those hurdles. To achieve the point of my research paper, I have organized my paper into three main sections. In the first section, I talk about the early life of Robert frost and discuss the influence of people in his childhood. In second section, I talk about his turning point in the career and how he became giant name in the literary industry. In this section, I also talk about his family life and the potential reason for entering depression. The third section is comprised of various instances from poems which point us to the fact that there was darkness stored in his mind. I end my paper with my thoughts on the lifestyle of Robert Frost and conclusion on the research I did. So, lets dive into the life of Robert Frost and I hope this paper will be interesting to you as a reader. Robert Frost (1874-1963) is widely regarded as one of the most decorated American poets of all time. He was an author who used New England as the base of his writings and used those settings to explore social and complicated subjects. Frosts subjects are extremely basic in the surface significance supplied with an effortlessly justifiable word usage with liberal style of composing. Yet, a careful study of his works reveals the misfortune and tragedy associated with his lifestyle. Frost was born and spent his first 11 years of life in San Francisco, until his father who was journalist, passed away due to tuberculosis. Born to an alcoholic father and a discouraged mother, Frost was tormented every one of his years by the impacts of psychological instability on himself and those he cherished. After the demise of his father, Frost decided to move to Lawrence, MA with his mother and sister, Jeanie. Frost found the love of his life and his future wife, Elinor White, during the days of High school. Starting in 1897, Frost attended Harvard University but had to drop out only after two years because of health issues. He returned to Lawrence to unite with his wife, who at the time was pregnant with their second child. In 1900, Frost moved with his wife and children to a homestead in New Hampshire†property that Frosts grandfather had bought for them†and they lived there for the next 12 years. Though it was a productive time for Frosts writing, it was very difficult period in his personal life. Frosts firstborn son, Elliot, passed due to cholera in 1900. After his death, Elinor gave birth to four more kids: son Carol (1902), who would commit suicide in 1940; Irma (1903), who later developed mental illness; Marjorie (1905), who died in her late 20s after giving birth; and Elinor (1907), who died just weeks after she was born. Additionally, during that time, Frost and Elinor endeavored few undertakings, including poultry cultivating, which were all unsuccessful. In spite of such difficulties, it was amid this time that Frost accustomed himself to rural life. In fact, he developed to represent it quite well, and started huge number of his poems in the countryside. But while two of these, The Tuft of Flowers and The Trial by Existence, would be distributed in 1906, he could not discover any publishers who were eager to sponsor his different poems. During his lifetime, Frost wo uld receive more than 40 honorary degrees, and in 1924, he was awarded his first of four Pulitzer Prizes, for his book New Hampshire. He would subsequently win Pulitzers for Collected Poems (1931), A Further Range (1937) and A Witness Tree (1943).

John Calvin s Contributions Of The Reformation - 1325 Words

John Calvin’s Contributions Calvin’s strength as a reformer was his brilliance to organize the Ecclesiastical Ordinances within the church that would bring structure among the church and elders. Furthermore, his writings brought structure to the reformation and shaped theological doctrines. John Calvin was a major contributor as a reformer in Geneva. The Protestants were throughout Europe, and were considered leaders of the Reformation. Calvin’s work in the writing of the Institutes would arouse many throughout Europe; and give the Protestants the opportunity to present their faith and views as a church. Which enabled them to have a voice in Calvin, who was respected for his religious views and the publishing of the institutes. Calvin did not fear the negative attacks the Protestant movement was receiving from other religious figures in the publishing of the Protestant literature. John Calvin began impacting the Reformation through writing a treatise that would later lead to the publishing of the Institutes of the Christian Religion. These writings discussed Christian faith from the Protestant view point. Being able to elaborate on the Protestant faith was crucial to some, because most of the literature was met with strong attacks. Calvin’s was beginning to establish himself as a legitimate reformer as his work was being noticed among very important people in the church. Calvin had some very influential people in his life, starting with his father, who was able to obtainShow MoreRelatedJohn Calvin s Contributions Of The Reformation1370 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Calvin’s Contributions John Calvin was one of the reformers who would bring reformation to the city of Geneva and help establish the Protestant faith among the community of Geneva and throughout Europe. His strength in the reformation was his ability to organize. John Calvin was a major Contributor as a reformer in Geneva. The Protestants were scattered heavily throughout Europe, and were considered leaders of the Reformation. Calvin’s work in the writing of the Institutes would arouse manyRead MoreThe Reformation And The Protestant Reformation876 Words   |  4 Pages The 16th century reformation is also known as the Protestant reformation. There are a various number of causes for the Protestant reformation. The causes of the reformation will be analyzed from two different perspectives: Germany s causes and Europe s causes. The results of reformation will be examined. Major contributors such as Martin Luther and John Calvin s perspectives and contributions will also be analyzed and the impact they had during their time period.  People in Europe during theRead MoreMartin Luther And John Calvin1069 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther and John Calvin were both leaders in the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther was a monk, or priest, in the Augustinian friars’ order and his ideals were that Catholicism were corrupting the New Testament beliefs and people were saved by faith alone not by buying their way into heaven. John Calvin studied law â€Å"but in 1533 he experienced a religious crisis, as a result of which he converted from Catholicism to Protestantism. Calvin believed that God had specifically selected him toRead MoreTheodore Beza And The Protestant Reformation1813 Words   |  8 Pagesfigure in the Protestant Reformation who is often left out of the discussion of most important reformers at the time. To begin with, Beza’s rise to distinction in the French Reformed movement was sparked so quickly to the point that he must be observed as John Calvin’s coworker and friend rather th an his successor (Steinmetz 114). The two companions often relied upon each other for advice to increase their knowledge and flourish in theology (Wolfe 230). His time with Calvin included a large amountRead MoreComparing Calvinism And Arminianism And Two Systems Of Theology1921 Words   |  8 Pagesof God’s truth founded by theologian John Calvin. Calvin was born in Noyon, France in 1509. He joined the Protestant Reformation when he was a law student at the University of Orlà ©ans. John Calvin was Martin Luther’s successor as the preeminent Protestant theologian during the Reformation (Biography). In the summer of 1536, Calvin published his magnum opus, â€Å"The Institutes of the Christian Religion.† This book was a very important part of the Reformation as it was written to â€Å"aid those who desireRead MoreJohn Calvin Essay1770 Words   |  8 PagesAt an early age, John Calvin found his calling to God to the chagrin of his father, who wanted him to be a lawyer. This calling to God helped Calvin bring about changes to the church. Even though Calvin traveled to some isolated spots in Europe preaching his sermons, the changes occurred all throughout Europe and then into the Americas. All these changes began humbly in France in the early 1500s. According to Lord, John Cauvin or Calvin as we know him, was born July 10th, 1509 in Noyon, whichRead MoreMartin Luther ( 1483-1546 )2808 Words   |  12 Pagesled to the Protestant Reformation. He was a prolific writer and his theology challenged many of the accepted traditions of the church, perhaps most importantly his doctrine of â€Å"justification by faith,† affirming that human faith and justification are not works of their own hands, but gifts from God. Philipp Melanchthon (1497-1560) – Philipp Melanchthon was a follower and colleague of Martin Luther that played a vital role in the development of Lutheranism during the Reformation. He was a primary authorRead MoreThe Catholic Reformation Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagesthese Reformation movements, the Church needed to make some reforms itself. These reforms took the form of educating the clergy, opening monasteries, the Inquisition, and the organizing of councils. In fact, even though Protestant attacks brought these reforms, many of these reforms were needed anyway. The problems in the Church were so bad that the Church would not have survived if the problems were not fixed. Even though there were movements to stop Protestantism, the Catholic Reformation was moreRead MoreAnalysis Of Thes The Interior Castle And John Calvins Institutes Of The Christian Religion1888 Words   |  8 Pagesknowledge and self have undergone significant changes. The 16th century offers a liminal period of such changes in the Western world as the Reformations, both Catholic and Protestant, remade the Christian self. In this essay, I offer a foray into the concept of self-knowledge in this pivotal period by comparing the concept in Teresa of Avila’s The Interior Castle and John Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion. These two dissimilar figures, one a Catholic, mystical theologian and the other the fatherRead MoreThe Classical Theory Of Management2103 Words   |  9 PagesThe Classical Theory of Management During the 1700’s -1800’s a systematic thought process for an established American government battled between Jeffersonianism and Hamiltonianism. The Jeffersonian argued a weak federal government and strong state and local governments, on the grounds that lower-level government will be more responsive than the national government to the popular will. The Jeffersonian also argued that the American economy should rely more on agriculture than on industry and sees

Cellular Organelles Six

Question: The six cellular organelles that are likely to be seen by the biologist who is seeing an epithelial intestinal cell under a microscope? Explain. Answer: The six cellular organelles that are likely to be seen by the biologist who is seeing an epithelial intestinal cell under a microscope are: Mitochondria: one of the main function of this double membrane bound organelle is the production of Adenosine Tri-Phosphate or ATP. Oxygen acts as the ultimate receptor of the electron in the electron transport chain ETC pathway that is present on the membrane of mitochondria. Another main function of mitochondria is the production of heat which is the result of mitochondrial uncoupling or proton leak where the unharnessed potential energy of the proton electrochemical gradient gets released as heat. It is also known as the power house of the cell. Other functions include storage of calcium ions, cell signaling by the help of reactive oxygen species ROS, regulating the membranes potential difference, synthesis of steroids and some hormonal signaling like estrogen due to the presence of mtERs (Davis 2012). Endoplasmic Reticulum: It is an extension of the Plasma membrane that extends from the periphery towards the center of the cell close to the Nucleus. It is divided into two regions. The first is known as the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum whose function is a synthesis of Lipids, Phospholipids, and Steroids. It is also known to form the Golgi apparatus after cellular reproduction.The other side is known as the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum because of the presence of small dot-like structures known as Ribosomes. Proteins are synthesized in ribosomes from where it is transferred to the RER for splicing, folding, and packaging. The accuracy of the protein folding is achieved due to the presence of Chaperones and Chaperonins, which are a special type of proteins used in protein folding that includes another class of proteins known as the HSP70. Only correctly folded proteins are transported from the ER to Golgi bodies (GB) and if there is any unfolded protein it triggers a stress response in the ER that is known as unfolded protein response (Alberts et al. 2013). Golgi Apparatus: Its main function is to modify the proteins that it receives from the RER. The modification is done by glycosylation or phosphorylation at specific regions of the folded proteins. Transportation of protein, lipids, and cholesterol molecules includes intracellular transport, intercellular transport as well as extracellular transport (Kierszenbaum and Tres 2015). Secretory Vesicles: It is a double membrane-bound cellular organelle produced from the Golgi bodies that may contain proteins, lipids or fats and are directed to a particular place that is already determined by the Golgi bodies that can be either intra, inter or extra cellular (Davis 2012). Nucleus: this membrane-bound cellular organelle is usually situated at the center of the cell that is the site of DNA synthesis. Its main function is to replicate the DNA during cellular reproduction that determines the fate of a cell. The formation of mRNA by transcription of DNA and transportation of this mRNA to the ribosomes through nuclear pores is also an important function. Another important function is control of gene expression and its regulation (Alberts et al. 2013). Lysosome: Lysosomes and various vesicles are produced from the Golgi apparatus and present inside the cell (Davis 2012). The plasma membrane is the outermost covering of an animal cell. It is selectively permeable which means that some and not all molecules can pass through the plasma membrane (Kukulski et al. 2012). The diagram given in the question shows the phospholipids as molecule A and the Trans-membrane protein as molecule B. The head of the phospholipid consist of glycerol and phosphate whereas the tail consists of a fatty acid chain. Due to the presence of glycerol and phosphate group the head region becomes polar and hence it is hydrophilic (Zhou et al. 2015). The tail region, on the other hand, contains only hydrocarbons due to which it remains non-polar and hence becomes hydrophobic. This property gives help in the creation of a lipid bi-layer that ultimately forms the plasma membrane. When charged particles like ions or any polar substance try to enter the cell, they get attached to the head region of the plasma membrane but they cannot enter the cell as the middle of the lipid bi-layer is hydrophobic. The only way for them to enter the cell is by the help of channel proteins. These are proteins runs across the lipid bi-layer and has a specialized structure. The trans-membrane protein is an alfa-helix folded protein which has a central hydrophilic core due to which it can remain fully embedded in the tail part of the phospholipid and through them the polar molecule may enter the cell. To enter the alfa-helix protein, there are some conditions that must be considered such as a size of the molecule and its polarity. If all are in the favorable region, then the molecule may enter the cell otherwise not. Non-polar molecules need to reach a typical type of proteins known as integral proteins that runs across the lipid bi-layer as the non-polar molecules get repelled from the surface of the cell membrane because of the presence of polar heads of the phospholipids. These proteins do not run completely through the membrane but is half embedded in the membrane, and they can b e found on both sides of the cell. The non-polar molecules get attached to these proteins and reach the hydrophobic part of the cell membrane by diffusion. Once it reaches there, it starts to search for another integral protein that opens in the inner part of the cell or the outer part depending on its target point. Once that protein is found the non-polar protein gets transported to its required destination (Chang et al. 2013). A cheek cell in hypotonic (weak) salt solution A hypotonic solution is a solution where the amount of water is more outside the cell than inside the cell. When a cheek cell is placed inside a hypotonic salt solution due to difference in concentration of water across the cell membrane water will start rushing into the cell. This process of movement of water from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane is known as osmosis. Ultimately the cell will start swelling up and then burst to release its DNA if the difference of water concentration is very high ( Rickard et al. 2014). Glucose moving into a cell after a meal Glucose molecule moves into a cell after a meal by the process of active transport. It is the movement of the glucoce molecule across the cell membrane from the region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. Cellular energy is used up for moving the glucose molecule against the gradient. Accumulation of high concentrations of glucose molecules occurs that the cell needs. The glucose molecules moves against the concentration gradient in order to enter the cell. Specific transmemebrane carrier proteins are involved in this process (Kaback 2012). White blood cells taking in streptococcus bacteria Bulk transport is the process by which large or bulk quantities of materials move out or into the cells. Bulk transport can be of two types, namely, enodcytosis and exocytosis. Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf materials from outside in bulk quantity and forms a sac inside of the cell. The common example is white blood cells taking in bacteria like streptococcus (Jeon, 2013). High oxygen level in lungs High oxygen level in lungs are due to the process of diffusion. Oxygen diffuses into the lungs and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the lungs. The exchange surfaces on the lungs helps in this process. Diffusion works down a concentration gradient and a steeper concentration gradient helps in faster diffusion. The concentration between the blood and the exchange transport must be steep for better diffusion. Carbon dioxide is breathed out and deoxygenated blood comes to the exchange surface and this means that oxygen is diffused inside in a rapid fashion. This gives rise to high oxygen level in the lungs (Phillips et al. 2012). Salivary glands secreting saliva Salivary glands secrets saliva by the process of exocytosis of the acinar cell protein storage granules (Jeon 2013). References Alberts, B., Bray, D., Hopkin, K., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K. and Walter, P., 2013.Essential cell biology. Garland Science. Chang, C.L., Hsieh, T.S., Yang, T.T., Rothberg, K.G., Azizoglu, D.B., Volk, E., Liao, J.C. and Liou, J., 2013. Feedback Regulation of Receptor-Induced Ca 2+ Signaling Mediated by E-Syt1 and Nir2 at Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Junctions.Cell reports,5(3), pp.813-825. Davis, L., 2012.Basic methods in molecular biology. Elsevier. Jeon, K. (2013).International review of cell and molecular biology. Waltham, Mass.: Academic Press. Kaback, H.R., 2012. Active transport: Membrane vesicles, bioenergetics, molecules, and mechanisms.Bacterial Energetics: A Treatise on Structure and Function,12, p.151. Kierszenbaum, A.L. and Tres, L., 2015.Histology and cell biology: an introduction to pathology. Elsevier Health Sciences. Kukulski, W., Schorb, M., Kaksonen, M. and Briggs, J.A., 2012. Plasma membrane reshaping during endocytosis is revealed by time-resolved electron tomography.Cell,150(3), pp.508-520. Lee, E., Koskimaki, J.E., Pandey, N.B. and Popel, A.S., 2013. Inhibition of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in breast tumor xenografts and lymph nodes by a peptide derived from transmembrane protein 45A.Neoplasia,15(2), pp.112-IN6. Phillips, R., Kondev, J., Theriot, J. and Garcia, H., 2012.Physical biology of the cell. Garland Science. Rickard, A.C., Smith, J.E., Newell, P., Bailey, A., Kehoe, A. and Mann, C., 2014. Salt or sugar for your injured brain? A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of mannitol versus hypertonic sodium solutions to manage raised intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury.Emergency Medicine Journal,31(8), pp.679-683. s-cool.co.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/cells-and-organelles/test-it/exam-style-questions [Accessed 13 Jan. 2016]. Zhou, Y., Wong, C.O., Cho, K.J., Van Der Hoeven, D., Liang, H., Thakur, D.P., Luo, J., Babic, M., Zinsmaier, K.E., Zhu, M.X. and Hu, H., 2015. Membrane potential modulates plasma membrane phospholipid dynamics and K-Ras signaling.Science,349(6250), pp.873-876.

Societal Structural Order and Change

Social structures keep changing day in and day out and there exist not one but many contending sociological theories that attempt to clarify why individual and societal lives exist as they are and why they keep changing. Sociological theory has continuously developed with time from classical to contemporary sociology with the recently evolved theories capable of dealing with today’s relevant societal matters.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Societal Structural Order and Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the hypotheses can be traced back to the ideas of classical theorists as Durkheim. Though slightly superannuated, his works have not ceased containing significant theories that when expounded upon relates to the ever changing contemporary society. As a matter of fact, contemporary theory is filled with the developed ideas of outstanding classical theories. According to the perspectives of some social theories, which mainly center on societal transformations, various critical arguments have emerged. Society is viewed as an organization through which every interconnected component fits together to make a whole. Society functions as a unit basing on norms and values, satisfactory behavior as well as social ties. The purpose of social structures and institutions within the society, the connection between these structures, and the way in which they restrain the activities of persons within the society is well defined by the social order. With the emerging changes, individuals have tended to stray away from the customary rules that govern their behavior thus creating some sort of deviance in the society. Therefore, things that had once been unacceptable, or considered aberrant, are now part of cultural norms. In order to understand the society, this essay aims to look at the societal order and changes that take place within the society and how they are manifested in the works of some famous sociologists; Durkheim, Parsons and Merton.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Structuralism is a thought established in the hypothesis that human behavior is structured by the societal environs. These structures shape human behavior. With the assistance of his student, Robert Merton, Talcott Parsons came up with the idea of structural functionalism during the 1950s. This, he developed basing on the sociological theory of Durkheim, a French sociologist, who is truly regarded a founder of the present day sociology. Durkheim and Parsons both considered the individuals within the society as inactive players in the continually varying societal structures (Parsons, 2011, pp. 51-53). In his book, The Division of Labor in Society, Durkheim dwells upon the specialization in labor as a function of the process that contributed to solidarity and social density in the society. H e examines how social order is kept within the various societies. He views the division of labor in the traditional society as different from that of the modern society. He argues that conventional societies were ‘mechanical’ and were joined by the fact that everybody was somewhat equal and thence had mutual things. He continues to debate that, in conventional societies collective consciousness completely colligates the personal consciousness; societal rules are firm and social doings are substantially controlled. In modern societies, the extreme complexity of the division of labor results in ‘organic’ solidarity. Various differentiations in work and social functions create dependences that tie individuals to each other since individuals could no more depend on meeting all of their requirements on their own (Durkheim, 2005, pp. 105-107). This theory however, presented a problem; it collectively combined the contradictory issues of the economy and social org anization which would lead to social disintegration and not solidarity. In an effort to resolve this, Parsons came up with economic and social stratification systems thus enabling each system to conduct its own issues separately and consequently moving toward its own structured demands and objectives.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Societal Structural Order and Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In his Sex Roles in the American Kinship System, parsons explains that during the medieval times families acted as the foundation for social organizations and functions. This, he argues, has changed with the development of the division of labor in the passage to the present times which is characterized by several chores and functions previously performed by the family; social segregations have occurred. As industrial and business enterprises flourished, production progressively took place beyond the family into an economy. Additionally, some social functions were freed from the household and relocated to institutions of education. Parsons states that this separation of roles is important as it enhanced specialization such that separate social structures and positions became responsible for executing certain roles. This differentiation also meant that tasks could be better executed (Parsons, 2011, pp. 52-53). This is what Durkheim referred to as organic solidarity in his work (Durkheim, 2005, p. 108). A family serves two major functions according to Parsons; socializing children and stabilizing the personality of an adult in a society. This simplification enabled parsons to avoid unneeded combinations of varying problems. This provides a good description of how the society has evolved from traditional to modern era and the changes that have taken place (Parsons, 2011). Similarly, Merton also developed his theories basing on those of Durkheim. Merton’s major contribution was his investig ation into the connections betwixt culture, structure and anomie. Durkheim had in his earlier writing concentrated on the direct consequences of specialism increase upon a person. He discovered that in a society with mechanical solidarity, the law in general is repressive; an individual who goes against the rules suffers a penalty that in reality would even collective conscience overlooked by the offense- the penalty serves to uphold the oneness of consciences.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the contrary, the laws of a society with organic solidarity are normally restitutive; its objective is not to penalize but rather indemnify ordinary actions of a complicated society. The rapidly changing society is because of the rising division of labor hence producing states of muddiness with respect to social rules and neutrality in social life that finally contributes to the collapse of societal rules that regulates doings. Durkheim marks this situation anomie which from it arises all kinds of aberrant behaviors, particularly suicide (Durkheim, 2005, pp. 107-111). Profound changes have been produced in the structure of our societies in a very short time; they have been freed from the segmental type with a rapidity and in proportions such as have never before been seen in history†¦., the functions which have been disrupted in the course of the upheaval have not had time to adjust themselves to one another; the new life which has emerged so suddenly has not been able to be completely organized,†¦ (Durkheim, 2005, p. 111) He made a conclusion that anomie is the outcome of deteriorating strength of the usual ethics in the modernistic society In an assay to counter this problem, Durkheim developed the notion of corporate moral sense that he stated as, â€Å"The totality of beliefs and sentiments common to average citizens of the same society forms a determinate system which has its own life; one may call it the collective or common conscience† (Durkheim, 2005, p. 106). He saw the rise in the ‘division of labor’ as a reason for this change; the decline but not vanishing of the collective consciousness. Hence, missing in this counsel, an individual would fail to maintain their general conscious awareness in their conception of good or bad thus becoming disoriented and permitting anomie to kick in; â€Å"If, in certain cases, organic solidarity is not all that it should be, it is certainly not because mechanical solidarity has los t ground, but because all the conditions for the existence of organic solidarity have not been realized† (Durkheim, 2005, p. 108). Durkheim’s notion of anomie was expounded upon by Merton who to a greater extent developed them into a contemporary edition. Merton, in Social Structure and Anomie stated that culture was an â€Å"organized set of normative values governing behavior which is common to members of a designated society or group† (Merton, 1996, p. 16), and that social structure was â€Å"that organized set of social relationships in which members of the society or group are variously implicated† (Merton, 1996, p. 21). Drawing out from this, Merton reasoned out that anomie came about when particular conflicts arose betwixt the cultural norms and goals, and the socially integrated statuses that group’s members concur with. Through the expounding on this theory, anomie is no more related simply to deficiency of moral counsel in today’s w orld but also due to the fact that people are being pushed to consider their social statuses first in place of moral values so as to pull through adversity (Merton, 1996). Merton conceives that society influences the behaviors of an individual by setting ambitions and the way those ambitions are to be achieved. He believes that there is a connection between anomie and the difference that exist between the vehemence laid upon the ambitions and the means of achieving them in the society. Thus, society is the root cause of crime and it represents how poorly the society is organized. The perspective of Merton is therefore similar to that of Durkheim in that both see a person’s life as a making of the society (Merton, 1996). However, while Durkheim considers that the key societal principles and values are accordant, it is only during the beginning of a stage in societal development that he conceives the aspirations of individuals to be the same (Durkheim, 2005). Merton on the othe r hand, asserts that the society as a whole strives toward similar goals and only some persons prefer not to comply with the rules that the society has set in reaching their aspirations. Durkheim is of the opinion that society creates criminal offenses so as to ameliorate and keep order within the society whilst Merton’s opinion is that society is the cause of an individual resorting to offense on account of it failing to serve its administrative purposes (Merton R. , 2008). The social structure produces a strain toward anomie and deviant behavior. The pressure of such a social order is upon outdoing one’s competitors. So long as the sentiments supporting this competitive system are distributed throughout the entire range of activities and are not confined to the final result of â€Å"success†, the choice of means will remain largely within the ambit of institutional control. When, however, the cultural emphasis shifts from the satisfactions deriving from compet ition itself to exclusive concern with the outcome, the resulting stress makes for the breakdown of the regulatory structure (Merton, 1996, p. 151). He further goes on to argue that the society sets goals which are unattainable and urges an individual to pursue them and often not supplying the means of lawfully attaining them. In the process, it fails to order the society and provides a militant environment in which criminal offenses flourish (Merton R. , 2008). It is only when a system of cultural values extols, virtually above all else, certain common success-goals for the population at large while the social structure rigorously restricts or completely closes access to approved modes of reaching these goals for a considerable part of the same population, that deviant behavior ensues on a large scale (Merton, 1996, p. 143). From the discussion it can be seen that the writings of the three sociologists pertains to the issues within today’s social organizations such as crime and morality, economy, as well as the social justice system. Various elements of a person’s life such as work, marriage, and children have been analyzed as well hence providing a great understanding of the social structures. It has been made quite clear that in order for a society to progress; structural separatism of work related roles is a requirement. In conclusion, deviance can be viewed as an illumination of moral value limits, avouchment of social order, and a booster of social integrity and social change. It has also been showed that we live in extremely specialized societies that are divided along lines of work, social classes, and cultural structures. References Durkheim, E. (2005). From The Division of Labour in Society (1893). In S. Appelrouth, D. E. Laura, Sociological Theory in the Classical Era (pp. 105-111). SAGE. Merton, R. (2008). From Social Structure and Anomie (1967). In S. Appelrouth, D. E. Laura, Sociological Theory in the Contemporary Era (pp. 66-73). Pine Forge Press. Merton, R. K. (1996). On Social Structure and Science. (P. Sztompka, Trans.) University of Chicago Press. Parsons, T. (2011). From Sex Roles in the American Kinship System (1943). In S. Appelrouth, D. E. Laura, Sociological Theory in the Contemporary Era (pp. 51- 54). Pine Forge Press. This essay on Societal Structural Order and Change was written and submitted by user Theo Pate to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

War of 1812 - Fighting in 1813

War of 1812 - Fighting in 1813 1812: Surprises at Sea Ineptitude on Land | War of 1812: 101 | 1814: Advances in the North A Capital Burned Assessing the Situation In the wake of the failed campaigns of 1812, newly re-elected President James Madison was forced to reassess the strategic situation along the Canadian border. In the Northwest, Major General William Henry Harrison had replaced the disgraced Brigadier General William Hull and was tasked with re-taking Detroit. Diligently training his men, Harrison was checked at the River Raisin and unable to advance without American control of Lake Erie. Elsewhere, New England remained reluctant to play an active role in supporting the war effort making a campaign against Quebec an unlikely prospect. As a result, it was decided to focus American efforts for 1813 on achieving victory on Lake Ontario and the Niagara frontier. Success on this front also required control of the lake. To this end, Captain Isaac Chauncey had been dispatched to Sackets Harbor, NY in 1812 for the purpose of constructing a fleet on Lake Ontario. It was believed that victory in and around Lake Ontario would cut off Upper Cana da and open the way for an attack on Montreal. The Tide Turns at Sea Having achieved stunning success over the Royal Navy in a series of ship-to-ship actions in 1812, the small US Navy sought to continue its run of good form by attacking British merchant ships and remaining on the offensive. To this end, the frigate USS Essex (46 guns) under Captain David Porter, patrolled the South Atlantic scooping up prizes in late 1812, before rounding Cape Horn in January 1813. Seeking to strike the British whaling fleet in the Pacific, Porter arrived at Valparaiso, Chile in March. For the remainder of the year, Porter cruised with great success and inflicted heavy losses on British shipping. Returning to Valparaiso in January 1814, he was blockaded by the British frigate HMS Phoebe (36) and sloop of war HMS Cherub (18). Fearing that additional British ships were en route, Porter attempted to break out on March 28. As Essex exited the harbor, it lost its main topmast in a freak squall. With his ship damaged, Porter was unable to return to port and soon brought to action by the British. Standing off Essex, which was largely armed with short-range carronades, the British pounded Porters ship with their long guns for over two hours ultimately forcing him to surrender. Among those captured on board was young Midshipman David G. Farragut who would later lead the Union Navy during the Civil War. While Porter was enjoying success in the Pacific, the British blockade began to tighten along the American coast keeping many of the US Navys heavy frigates in port. While the effectiveness of the US Navy was hampered, hundreds of American privateers preyed upon British shipping. During the course of the war, they captured between 1,175 and 1,554 British ships. One ship that was at sea early in 1813 was Master Commandant James Lawrences brig USS Hornet (20). On February 24, he engaged and captured the brig HMS Peacock (18) off the coast of South America. Returning home, Lawrence was promoted to captain and given command of the frigate USS Chesapeake (50) at Boston. Completing repairs to ship, Lawrence prepared to put to sea in late May. This was hastened by the fact that only one British ship, the frigate HMS Shannon (52), was blockading the harbor. Commanded by Captain Philip Broke, Shannon was a crack ship with a highly trained crew. Eager to engage the American, Broke issued a cha llenge to Lawrence to meet him in battle. This proved unnecessary as Chesapeake emerged from the harbor on June 1. Possessing a larger, but greener crew, Lawrence sought to continue the US Navys streak of victories. Opening fire, the two ships battered each other before coming together. Ordering his men to prepare to board Shannon, Lawrence was mortally wounded. Falling, his last words were reputedly, Dont give up the Ship! Fight her till she sinks. Despite this encouragement, the raw American sailors were quickly overwhelmed by Shannons crew and Chesapeake was soon captured. Taken to Halifax, it was repaired and saw service in the Royal Navy until being sold in 1820. We Have Met the Enemy... As American naval fortunes were turning at sea, a naval building race was underway on the shores of Lake Erie. In an attempt to regain naval superiority on the lake, the US Navy began construction of two 20-gun brigs at Presque Isle, PA (Erie, PA). In March 1813, the new commander of American naval forces on Lake Erie, Master Commandant Oliver H. Perry, arrived at Presque Isle. Assessing his command, he found that there was a general shortage of supplies and men. While diligently overseeing the construction of the two brigs, named USS Lawrence and USS Niagara, Perry traveled to Lake Ontario in May 1813, to secure additional seamen from Chauncey. While there, he collected several gunboats for use on Lake Erie. Departing from Black Rock, he was nearly intercepted by the new British commander on Lake Erie, Commander Robert H. Barclay. A veteran of Trafalgar, Barclay had arrived at the British base of Amherstburg, Ontario on June 10. Though both sides were hampered by supply issues they worked through the summer to complete their fleets with Perry finishing his two brigs and Barclay commissioning the 19-gun ship HMS Detroit. Having gained naval superiority, Perry was able to cut the British supply lines to Amherstburg forcing Barclay to seek battle. Departing Put-in-Bay on September 10, Perry maneuvered to engage the British squadron. Commanding from Lawrence, Perry flew a large battle flag emblazoned with his friends dying command, Dont Give Up the Ship! In the resulting Battle of Lake Erie, Perry won a stunning victory that saw bitter fighting and the American commander compelled to switch ships midway through the engagement. Capturing the entire British squadron, Perry sent a brief dispatch to Harrison announcing, We have met the enemy and they are ours. 1812: Surprises at Sea Ineptitude on Land | War of 1812: 101 | 1814: Advances in the North A Capital Burned 1812: Surprises at Sea Ineptitude on Land | War of 1812: 101 | 1814: Advances in the North A Capital Burned Victory in the Northwest As Perry was constructing his fleet through the first part of 1813, Harrison was on the defensive in western Ohio. Constructing a major base at Fort Meigs, he repelled an attack led by Major General Henry Proctor and Tecumseh in May. A second attack was turned back in July as well as one against Fort Stephenson (August 1). Building his army, Harrison was ready to go on the offensive in September following Perrys victory on the lake. Moving forward with his Army of the Northwest, Harrison sent 1,000 mounted troops overland to Detroit while the bulk of his infantry was transported there by Perrys fleet. Recognizing the danger of his situation, Proctor abandoned Detroit, Fort Malden, and Amherstburg and began retreating east (Map). Retaking Detroit, Harrison began pursuing the retreating British. With Tecumseh arguing against falling back, Proctor finally turned to make a stand along the Thames River near Moraviantown. Approaching on October 5, Harrison assaulted Proctors position during the Battle of the Thames. In the fighting, the British position was shattered and Tecumseh killed. Overwhelmed, Proctor and a few of his men fled while the majority were captured by Harrisons army. One of the few clear cut American victories of the conflict, the Battle of the Thames effectively won the war in the Northwest for the United States. With Tecumseh dead, the threat of Native American attacks subsided and Harrison concluded an armistice with several tribes at Detroit. Burning a Capital In preparation for the main American push at Lake Ontario, Major General Henry Dearborn was ordered to position 3,000 men at Buffalo for a strike against Forts Erie and George as well as 4,000 men at Sackets Harbor. This second force was to attack Kingston at the upper outlet of the lake. Success on both fronts would sever the lake from Lake Erie and the St. Lawrence River. At Sackets Harbor, Chauncey had rapidly constructed a fleet that had wrested naval superiority away from his British counterpart, Captain Sir James Yeo. The two naval officers would conduct a building war for the remainder of the conflict. Though several naval engagements were fought, neither was willing to risk their fleet in a decisive action. Meeting at Sackets Harbor, Dearborn and Chauncey began to have misgivings about the Kingston operation despite the fact that the objective was only thirty miles away. While Chauncey fretted about possible ice around Kingston, Dearborn was concerned about the size of the Br itish garrison. Instead of striking at Kingston, the two commanders instead elected to conduct a raid against York, Ontario (present-day Toronto). Though of minimal strategic value, York was the capital of Upper Canada and Chauncey had intelligence that two brigs were under construction there. Departing on April 25, Chaunceys ships carried Dearborns troops across the lake to York. Under the direct control of Brigadier General Zebulon Pike, these troops landed on April 27. Opposed by forces under Major General Roger Sheaffe, Pike succeeded in taking the town after a sharp fight. As the British retreated, they detonated their powder magazine killing numerous Americans including Pike. In the wake of the fighting, American troops began looting the town and burned the Parliament Building. After occupying the town for a week, Chauncey and Dearborn withdrew. While a victory, the attack on York did little to alter the strategic outlook on the lake and behavior of the American forces would influence British actions the following year. Triumph and Defeat Along the Niagara Following the York operation, Secretary of War John Armstrong chastised Dearborn for failing to accomplish anything of strategic value and blamed him for Pikes death. In response, Dearborn and Chauncey began shifting troops south for an assault on Fort George in late May. Alerted to this fact, Yeo and the Governor General of Canada, Lieutenant General Sir George Prevost, made immediate plans to attack Sackets Harbor while American forces were occupied along the Niagara. Departing Kingston, they landed outside of the town on May 29 and moved to destroy the shipyard and Fort Tompkins. These operations were quickly disrupted by a mixed regular and militia force led by Brigadier General Jacob Brown of the New York militia. Surrounding the British beachhead, his men poured heavy fire into Prevosts troops and compelled them to withdraw. For his part in the defense, Brown was offered a brigadier generals commission in the regular army. At the other end of the lake, Dearborn and Chauncey moved forward with their attack on Fort George. Again delegating operational command, this time to Colonel Winfield Scott, Dearborn watched as American troops conducted an early morning amphibious assault on May 27. This was supported by a force of dragoons crossing the Niagara River upstream at Queenston which was tasked with cutting off the British line of retreat to Fort Erie. Clashing with Brigadier General John Vincents troops outside of the fort, the Americans succeeded in driving off the British with the aid of naval gunfire support from Chaunceys ships. Forced to surrender the fort and with the route south blocked, Vincent abandoned his posts on the Canadian side of the river and retreated west. As a result, American troops crossed the river and occupied Fort Erie (Map). 1812: Surprises at Sea Ineptitude on Land | War of 1812: 101 | 1814: Advances in the North A Capital Burned 1812: Surprises at Sea Ineptitude on Land | War of 1812: 101 | 1814: Advances in the North A Capital Burned Having lost the dynamic Scott to a broken collarbone, Dearborn ordered Brigadier Generals William Winder and John Chandler west to pursue Vincent. Political appointees, neither possessed significant military experience. On June 5/6, Vincent counterattacked at the Battle of Stoney Creek and succeeded in capturing both generals. On the lake, Chaunceys fleet had departed for Sackets Harbor only to be replaced by Yeos. Threatened from the lake, Dearborn lost his nerve and ordered a withdrawal to a perimeter around Fort George. The situation worsened on June 24, when an American force under Lieutenant Colonel Charles Boerstler was crushed at the Battle of Beaver Dams. For his weak performance, Dearborn was recalled on July 6 and replaced with Major General James Wilkinson. Failure on the St. Lawrence Generally disliked by most officers in US Army for his prewar intrigues in Louisiana, Wilkinson was instructed by Armstrong to strike at Kingston before moving down the St. Lawrence. In doing so he was to link up with forces advancing north from Lake Champlain under Major General Wade Hampton. This combined force would in turn attack Montreal. After stripping the Niagara frontier of most of its troops, Wilkinson prepared to move out. Finding that Yeo had concentrated his fleet at Kingston, he decided to make only a feint in that direction before advancing down the river. To the east, Hampton began moving north toward the border. His advance was hampered by the recent loss of naval superiority on Lake Champlain. This forced him to swing west to the headwaters of the Chateauguay River. Moving downstream, he crossed the border with around 4,200 men after the New York militia refused to leave the country. Opposing Hampton was Lieutenant Colonel Charles de Salaberry who possessed a mixed force of around 1,500 men. Occupying a strong position approximately fifteen miles below the St. Lawrence, de Salaberrys men fortified their line and waited for the Americans. Arriving on October 25, Hampton surveyed the British position and attempted to flank it. In a minor engagement known as the Battle of the Chateauguay, these efforts were repulsed. Believing the British force to be larger than it was, Hampton broke off the action and returned south. Moving forward, Wilkinsons 8,000-men force left Sackets Harbor on October 17. In poor health and taking heavy doses of laudanum, Wilkinson pushed downstream with Brown leading his vanguard. His force was pursued by an 800-man British force led by Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Morrison. Tasked with delaying Wilkinson so additional troops could reach Montreal, Morrison proved an effective annoyance to the Americans. Tired of Morrison, Wilkinson dispatched 2,000 men under Brigadier General John Boyd to attack the British. Striking on November 11, they assaulted the British lines at the Battle of Cryslers Farm. Repulsed, Boyds men were soon counterattacked and driven from the field. Despite this defeat, Wilkinson pressed on toward Montreal. Reaching the mouth of the Salmon River and having learned that Hampton had retreated, Wilkinson abandoned the campaign, re-crossed the river, and went into winter quarters at French Mills, NY. The winter saw Wilkinson and Hampton exchange letters with Arm strong over who was to blame for the campaigns failure. A Dismal End As the American thrust towards Montreal was coming to an end, the situation on the Niagara frontier reached a crisis. Stripped of troops for Wilkinsons expedition, Brigadier General George McClure decided to abandon Fort George in early December after learning that Lieutenant General George Drummond was approaching with British troops. Retiring across the river to Fort Niagara, his men burned the village of Newark, ON before departing. Moving into Fort George, Drummond began preparations to assault Fort Niagara. This moved forward on December 19 when his forces overwhelmed the forts small garrison. Outraged over the burning of Newark, British troops moved south and razed Black Rock and Buffalo on December 30. While 1813 had started with great hope and promise for the Americans, the campaigns on the Niagara and St. Lawrence frontiers met with failure similar to those of the year before. As in 1812, the smaller British forces had proved adept campaigners and the Canadians showed a willingness to fight to protect their homes rather than throw off the yoke of British rule. Only in the Northwest and Lake Erie did American forces achieve an undisputed victory. While the triumphs of Perry and Harrison helped bolster national morale, they occurred in arguably the least important theater of the war as victory on Lake Ontario or the St. Lawrence would have caused British forces around Lake Erie to whither on the vine. Forced to endure another long winter, the American public was subjected to a tightening blockade and the threat of increased British strength in the spring as the Napoleonic Wars neared an end. 1812: Surprises at Sea Ineptitude on Land | War of 1812: 101 | 1814: Advances in the North A Capital Burned

Birth Of A Nation 2 Essay Research

Birth Of A Nation 2 Essay, Research Paper D. W. Griffith s heroic poem narrative told in Birth of a Nation was a flooring one. The film set box office records, taking in over 18 million dollars. When it was released, it was one of the longest movies of all time made, over three hours in length. Some movie bookmans say that it is the most of import movie of all time released. But despite all of these records and accomplishments, the narrative and the manner that inkinesss of the South were depicted obsessed inkinesss for decennaries to come. Showing the black adult male as a sexual marauder to white females was ask foring the South commence with wide-scale lynchings of guiltless black work forces. If a black adult male looked the incorrect manner at a white adult female, so he could be lynched without a idea of justness. This movie advanced the intuition and contributed to the pattern of Jim Crow in the South. Most shockingly, I discovered that the movie is still used by the Ku Klux Klan today for enlisting intents. The portraiture of the KKK in Birth of a State was one of heroes, alternatively of marauding racialists. This appealed to white Americans positions of the mythic South, and helped to hike rank in the KKK. Griffith subsequently released a version of the film without the KKK, but the harm had already been done. Of class, the NAACP attacked the movie, and it was met with picketing upon its release. The elevation of the KKK as heroes while portraying black work forces as sexual marauders was disgusting, and it is astonishing to me that the film is praised as it is. Though the portraiture of both inkinesss and the KKK were highly off path, the film itself was an astonishing work of film for its clip. This was likely the first film to utilize 100s of excess in a conflict scene. These scenes were good crafted by the film maker, and while non to the flawlessness of more modern movies such as Braveheart, the engineering and mastermind that the film maker used rival such movies. To th ink that the film was released merely 50 old ages after the terminal of the Civil War makes the effort seem even more unbelievable. In seeing the immense conflicts, I did non necessitate sound to hear the sounds of conflict in my imaginativeness. It would hold been unbelievable if the film had been made in the epoch where sound came into films. The rubric of the movie is an interesting 1. It is unknown whether the rubric refers to the birth of the reunited provinces, or the birth of the Ku Klux Klan. I tend to believe that the movie has a dual significance. In demoing the KKK as good cats, it is obvious that Griffith was seeking to demo their birth as a positive event for the United States. Besides, he was demoing that the U.S. was one time once more reunited after the war, taking to the strengthening of the state. It forebodes the hereafter, when the South and the inkinesss populating there are kept in cheque by the KKK, doing the U.S. that much greater. Though it would be better to disregard this impression of the birth of the KKK, it can non be due to the movie s content, although the movie does demo a genuinely united provinces. The movie is an unbelievable piece of propaganda for both the KKK and the Jim Crow system. Peoples who knew nil about the KKK or thought of them as white scoundrels before Birth of a State likely changed their heads and donned goons of their ain upon seeing the movie. The mainstream image was likely the best advertizement that the KKK could hold had. The vilifying of inkinesss besides led to the Jim Crow system. When it was portrayed in this film as acceptable, people in the South felt much better about making atrocious workss to black citizens, denying inkinesss their civil rights. Birth of a Nation was a powerful movie that was a technological promotion, but it lacked the right historical prospective. Anyone who made such a film now would be branded a racialist and likely would be hung in image in many black communities.

Sahel Nutrition Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sahel Nutrition Development - Assignment Example used in assessing the nutritional situation of children in the region, Countries most affected by this crisis include Niger, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Chad, Mali, Senegal, northern Cameroon, and Gambia. This situation has deteriorated rapidly throughout this year. Research has clearly outlined that most of the areas stand to experience acute food insecurity (IPC Phase 3) from April to September this year. The nutrition status is quite catastrophic in areas worst affected with severe malnutrition with rates ranging between 10-16%. The drivers of this crisis are eroded resilience, compounded by the sporadic rains, prices increases and insufficient harvests. The agro-pastoral returns of production is reported to have decreased by 50% in the areas that are affected by poverty, and agricultural products market prices, as well increased up from sixty percent to eighty percent for maize and 100 percent for dry cereals. Increased levels of drought in Sahel have caused a reduction in cereal production on average 26% relative to the previous year. Most notable is the fact that Gambia, as well as Chad realized a 50 percent decrease with other countries still experiencing serious localized deficits. The 2012 Sahel’s strategic plan was aligned as a serving response plan to addressing the Food and Nutrition Crisis in the region. This has been developed by the Working Regional Group on Food Security and Nutrition mainly composed of among other organizations, the Red Cross, Crescent Movement, United Nations agency, Non Governmental Organizations and donors. In 2011, IASC (Inter-Agency Standing Committee) launched a strategy that effectively responds to food shortage and nutritional crises in Sahel. The document was done in consideration of joint efforts of the organization of Food and Agriculture of United Nations (FAO), Action against Hunger, the United Nations Child Fund (UNICEF), the United Nation Humanitarian Affairs Coordination Office (OCHA), and the WWP (Word Food

The Abolitionist Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Abolitionist Movement - Essay Example    How successful were they in accomplishing their goals?  Ã‚   The Abolitionist Movement was a broad movement that had a variety of ideas about how to free slaves and end slavery in the United States. Different individuals and groups used different methods to work toward abolition, and had their differences despite a common goal. Many abolitionists were Quakers, some were white politicians, and many others were freed slaves. They all had some sort of effect on slavery and its end, but in their own ways. The abolitionist movement existed since the time of British colonization, and began mostly with the Quakers who believed that slavery was very wrong. Abolitionism was supported more and more in the northern United States, while its efforts were directed towards the southern states who relied on slavery for their agricultural economy. Many states began to make laws banning slavery in their own state, though it was often a gradual ban. The federal government had established that th e import of slaves would be illegal by 1808, but this did not ban the owning and trading of slaves. To end slavery as a whole would be much tougher. While many slaves were freed due to state laws being enacted as well as efforts by Quakers to plead for their release, the southern states would require much more convincing and pressure. Some of the most famous white abolitionists include some American presidents. ... He was a Quaker and spent much of his later life working on petitions, letters to the press, and distributing pamphlets against slavery. He helped make slavery illegal in Rhode Island, and would help slaves to get on their feet after being freed. Harriet Beecher Stowe was the author of â€Å"Uncle Tom's Cabin†, and she worked toward abolition by raising awareness of slavery but also by helping slaves to escape at the loss of their owners. Black abolitionists tended to be freed slaves who knew the hardships of slavery, and fought to end it. Many of them focused on writing as a way of raising awareness, as well as helping slaves to escape on the Underground Railroad. Harriet Tubman was always voicing her opposition to slavery, and after she escaped became well known for helping hundreds of other slaves escape on the Underground Railroad. Frederick Douglass was also very important, because he used his ability to read and write to make slavery a well known issue and to help give m ore voice to slaves. He wrote about his own escape from slavery, and was a leading abolitionist by the Civil War. The abolitionists were overall very successful in accomplishing their goals, but different methods worked better than others. White abolitionists succeeded mostly in working to make new laws that helped curb slavery and gradually bring it to an end, but the laws only worked so much and it took the Civil War to really bring change. The idea of colonization didn't work as well because it led to many slaves dying of disease and was not a good solution for actually bringing rights and freedom. The publication of â€Å"Uncle Tom's Cabin† was very successful, however, because it helped change opinions. Black abolitionists saw more success, because they spread

Rainman Essay -- essays research papers

Barry Levinson brings us a Raymond, very moving character in the movie Raymond Babbitt. Raymond is a grown man that is Autistic. Raymond may be grown up but he lacks certain sociable skills, making communication very difficult. He has a hard time understanding and answer questions. Because of Raymond’s handicap he is unable to progress into a new person. Raymond’s limitations give the movie boundaries. Levinson uses the idea of not allowing this character to change to affect the other characters in this story. The character that is most affected is Raymond’s brother, Charlie. At the beginning Charlie is frustrated and short on cash, his father has died and Charlie received no inheritance, his father had left it all to Charlie’s unknown brother, Raymond. When Charlie first meets Raymond he thinks it is a big joke, the way Raymond acts. Although, all he can seem to think about is why no one ever told him that he had a brother. Charlie makes it out to seem li ke he really wants to take Raymond in with him and take care of him, at this point Charlie is taking Raymond from the institute where he is being taken care of in hopes of trading Raymond back for part of his inheritance. When he is refused, Charlie runs off with Raymond beginning a cross-country journey that would change Charlie completely. The beginning of the movie shows Charlie as a money motivated guy. He was only in it for the quick buck, you soon find out that his business is suffering and is having many problems. T...

The Defination of Music

Music. I spend more than two hours playing, singing, or listening to music everday. Almost everything I do involves music. I love it; it can lift my spirits, or tell me a story. But, what is music? Is it something you can dance to? Something that is played or sung? Is it something that has balance, or sounds pleasant? What is music? It is defined as â€Å"An art form consisting of sequences of sounds in time, including tones of definite pitch organized melodically, harmonically, and rhythmically. † To me, music means expression. When I was six years old, I acquired my first CD player.I didn’t get any CD’s with it, so I used my parents. One CD that I picked up was by Mindy McCready. I didn’t understand what the songs were about, but I knew I really enjoyed the â€Å"beat† of the songs, the instruments in each piece, and the sound of her voice. I would always be singing my own words to her songs and I wanted to learn how to make music like she did. Sh e influenced me in a way I didn’t understand at the time, but I knew I wanted to know more about the way her songs worked. I wanted to know how to make something that sounded similar to her songs, and how to make it my own.That CD is what made me fall in love with the concept of, and the idea itself, known as music. In third grade, only two years after I realized how much I liked music, I started piano lessons with the keyboard player from my church. His name was Larry, he was a great inspiration to me. Larry asked me on my first lesson if learning piano was something I really wanted to do, or if it was just something my parents were having me do. I told him, much more seriously than a third grader should be able to, it was something I needed to do to be able to more clearly understand music; and that I was looking forward to every lesson we would have.One week later, on my next lesson, I stared to learn my scales. Normally, it takes students months to learn and memorize all of the scales, but it took me only a few weeks. I was much more musically gifted then anyone realized and I quickly took on many other instruments. From third to seventh grade, I learned how to play the piano, guitar, bass, saxophone, french horn, trumpet, clarinet, and flute. I also took choir, training my voice to be the best it could be. The way I could express myself differently through every one of these instruments, made everyday a joyous adventure.I used the instruments as an outlet; when I was happy, the music would be loud and bouncy. Yet when I was upset, the music would be mournful, slow, and quiet. I conveyed my feelings through the music. The more I learned about music, the more open I became with choices. Before I became a â€Å"band geek†, I was quiet and refined. I didn’t talk to many people and I didn’t have any intention on changing that. After I joined two bands though, my life changed drastically. Both classes would result in a â€Å"differe nt me†.When I would play music in my jazz band, I would leave the class excited and ready to try new things. When I would go to symphony, my choices would be more thought out, longer, and with more depth to them. Every piece I played would change my day; depending on how much I enjoyed the piece, and who I was playing it with. The people in band are a big reason why I love music. If you’re sitting alone in a room, playing a keyboard, you are not going to be having nearly as much fun, or being as artistic with your musical choices, then if your with a few of your best friends, all who play instruments or sing.An instance of this is from a year ago, when I had a mentor in symphonic band. He was an amazing saxophone player who loved people. I was his second in command, and for being that, he taught me a few of his tricks on how he became such a beloved musician and person. He showed me how to play music with more expression in singular notes instead of looking at the piece as a whole. He helped me on improvisation and on making a piece personal. He also showed me how to fine tune a musical piece; how to make the different parts work together harmoniously, and how to then play it correctly.He was a great inspiration to me and I am sad he graduated, but overjoyed I had the opportunity to be taught by such a talented musician for our time. After learning so much from such a great mentor, I began to question how my music could be improved and how I could express myself better. I knew about harmony and melody, and how to balance them; I knew about all the different instruments in different kinds of bands. Yet, I wanted to push my boundaries and become a better instrumentalist.A great musician once said, â€Å"Then let us all do what is right, strive with all our might toward the unattainable, develop as fully as we can [with] the gifts God has given us, and never stop learning† (Beethoven). To me, this means you shouldn’t stop when you think you’re at your best. Always push forward, creating your own limits and don’t fall into society’s expectations. This is how I viewed music; it was something I could never put a limit on and striving for perfection was the only way to be successful with it. To this day, I try my best with music, I make it my own, and I love to play it.There is nothing else like it, for music is everywhere; all people know some type of music, and it affects every person in a different way. I enjoy music greatly, and hope I will be able to continue learning about it for the rest of my life. The expression used to create music is an unexplainable talent that anyone could utilize, and without it, the days of life would be dull and boring. The way I view it, and as my band director tells me daily, music equals life. SAU Library, + Beethoven, the Music and the Life. + by Lewis Lockwood. Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company; 1st edition (December 16, 2002) + October 1st 2011

What Is the CSS Profile for Financial Aid

The CSS Profile is a non-federal application for college grants and scholarships. The profile is required by roughly 400 colleges and universities, most of which are private. Any college that requires the CSS Profile also requires the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Key Takeaways: The CSS Profile The CSS Profile is an application for non-federal financial aid (such as institutional grant aid).Approximately 400 colleges and universities require the CSS Profile. Most are selective private institutions with expensive tuitions and significant financial aid resources.The CSS Profile is a more detailed form than the FAFSA. However, any college that requires the CSS Profile also requires the FAFSA.The CSS Profile is typically due on or around the admission application deadline. Be sure to submit it on time or early in order to ensure your financial aid application is processed. What Is the CSS Profile? The CSS Profile is a financial aid application used by approximately 400 colleges. The application provides a holistic portrait of financial need so that non-federal financial aid (such as institutional grant aid) can be awarded accordingly. Unlike the FAFSA, which is based on just a few income and savings data points, the CSS Profile considers current and future expenses that arent always captured by tax documents. The CSS Profile is a product of the College Board. To fill out the CSS profile, youll use the same log-in information you created for the PSAT, SAT, or AP. Information Collected by the CSS Profile The CSS Profile overlaps with the FAFSA when it comes to income and savings. The student—and their family, if the student is a dependent—will need to submit personal identification information, income information from both employers and personal businesses, and non-retirement savings from bank accounts, 529 plans, and other investments. Additional information required for the CSS Profile includes: Your current high school and the colleges to which youll applyYour home value and the amount you owe on your homeYour retirement savingsChild support informationSibling informationExpected earnings for the coming yearInformation about any special circumstances that may not be reflected in the prior years tax forms (such as a loss in income, exceptional medical expenses, and eldercare expenses)Contributions towards college from anyone other than the students parents The final section of the CSS Profile includes questions that are specific to the schools to which you are applying. Much like supplemental essays on the Common Application, this section allows colleges to ask questions that arent covered by the standard part of the application. These questions might be used be schools for calculating grant aid, or they might be geared towards specific scholarships available at the school. Keep in mind that some colleges require an additional step. About a quarter of all schools that require the CSS Profile also require students to submit tax and income information through IDOC, the Institutional Documentation Service. IDOC typically requires you to scan and submit your federal tax return, including W-2 and 1099 records. When to Submit the CSS Profile The CSS Profile, like the FAFSA, is available for the next school year beginning on October 1st. If youre applying to a college through an Early Action or Early Decision program, youll want to complete the profile in October (possibly early November) to make sure you can be considered for financial aid when your application is evaluated. In general, the CSS Profile will be due on or near the same date that the college application is due. Dont put off completing the profile or you might be jeopardizing your financial aid award. Also, keep in mind that it can take a couple weeks for all of the CSS Profile information to reach colleges once you submit the document. The College Board recommends that applicants submit the CSS Profile at least two weeks before their earliest application deadline. Time Required to Complete the CSS Profile The CSS Profile is said to take between 45 minutes and 2 hours to complete. The reality, however, is that it will take several additional hours to gather the necessary documents, including tax returns, savings and invest account information, mortgage information, health and dental payment records, 529 balances, and more. If both the parents and the student have income and savings, the profile will take longer to complete. Similarly, families with numerous sources of income, multiple residential properties, and contributions from outside the family will have more information to enter into the CSS Profile. Parents who are divorced or separated will also have a less stream-lined experience with the profile. Keep in mind that you do not need to complete the CSS Profile in one sitting. Your answers can be saved regularly, and you can return to the form without losing your progress. Cost of the CSS Profile Unlike the FAFSA, the CSS Profile is not free. Applicants will need to pay a $25 fee to set up the profile, and another $16 for each school that will receive the profile. Fee waivers are available for students who qualified for SAT fee waivers. If youre planning to apply to a school through an Early Action or Early Decision program, you can save some money by submitting the CSS Profile to your early application school first, and then adding other colleges to your profile only if you dont get into your top-choice school early. Schools That Require the CSS Profile Roughly 400 colleges and universities require the CSS Profile in addition to the FAFSA. Most CSS Profile participants are selective private colleges and universities with high tuition fees. They also tend to be schools with significant financial aid resources. The CSS Profile allows these institutions to determine a familys financial need with greater precision than is possible with the FAFSA. Participating institutions include most of the Ivy League Schools, top liberal arts colleges such as Williams College and Pomona College, top engineering schools such as MIT and Caltech, and other highly selective private universities such as Stanford University and Northwestern University. A few scholarship programs also require the CSS Profile. Youll find that a handful of public universities such as Georgia Tech, UNC Chapel Hill, the University of Virginia, and the University of Michigan use the CSS Profile. Not all colleges find that the CSS Profile serves their needs, and a few top schools have created their own financial aid applications rather than using the College Boards product. Princeton University, for example, requires the Princeton Financial Aid Application as well as copies of the parents federal income tax return and W-2 statements. Please note: if you are not applying for financial aid, you will not need to fill out the CSS Profile for any school. A Final Word About the CSS Profile As college application deadlines approach, most students are entirely focused on writing essays and making their applications as strong as possible. Realize, however, that you (and/or your parents) need to be working on financial aid applications at the same time. Getting into college is important, but being able to pay for it is equally important. When the FAFSA and CSS Profile go live in October, dont procrastinate. Completing them early can help guarantee youll get full consideration for all available grants and scholarships.